SLC1A3 promotes gastric cancer progression via the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway

Gastric cancer is a major cause of mortality worldwide. The glutamate/aspartate transporter SLC1A3 has been implicated in tumour metabolism and progression, but the roles of SLC1A3 in gastric cancer remain unclear. We used bioinformatics approaches to analyse the expression of SLC1A3 and its role in gastric cancer. The expression levels of SLC1A3 were examined using RT‐qPCR and Western bolting. SLC1A3 overexpressing and knock‐down cell lines were constructed, and the cell viability was evaluated. Glucose consumption, lactate excretion and ATP levels were determined. The roles of SLC1A3 in tumour growth were evaluated using a xenograft tumour growth model. SLC1A3 was found to be overexpressed in gastric cancer, and this overexpression was associated with poor prognosis. In vitro and in vivo assays showed that SLC1A3 affected glucose metabolism and promoted gastric cancer growth. GSEA analysis suggested that SLC1A3 was positively associated with the up‐regulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. SLC1A3 overexpression activated the PI3K/AKT pathway and up‐regulated GLUT1, HK II and LDHA expression. The PI3K/AKT inhibitor LY294002 prevented SLC1A3‐induced glucose metabolism and cell proliferation. Our findings indicate that SLC1A3 promotes gastric cancer progression via the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. SLC1A3 is therefore a potential therapeutic target in gastric cancer.     

Effect of microwave treatment on the shear bond strength of different types of commercial teeth to acrylic resin

doi:10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2009.00333.x
Effect of microwave treatment on the shear bond strength of different types of commercial teeth to acrylic resin Objective: The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of microwave treatment on the shear bond strength of commercial types of teeth to acrylic resin, when the glossy ridge laps were unmodified (groups 1 and 5), bur abraded (groups 2 and 6), bur grooved (groups 3 and 7) or etched by monomer (groups 4 and 8). Background: Controversial findings have shown that mechanical or chemical changes in ridge‐lap surface of the tooth increase or decrease the bond strength between tooth and acrylic resin, and the microwave disinfection may cause different changes on this bond strength. Materials and methods: Eighty specimens (n = 10) were made with the acrylic resin bonded to tooth glossy ridge lap, polymerised in water at 74°C for 9 h, and deflasked after flask cooling. Specimens of the groups 5, 6, 7 and 8 were individually immersed in 150 ml of water and submitted to microwave treatment in an oven at 650 W for 3 min. Control specimens (groups 1, 2, 3 and 4) were not microwave treated. Shear bond strength test was performed in an Instron machine with a cross‐speed of 1 mm/min. Collected data were submitted to anova and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05). Results: Microwave treatment decreased the shear bond strength values of the tooth/resin bond. In the microwaved and non‐microwaved procedures, mechanical retention improved the shear bond strength when compared with the control and monomer treatments. Conclusion: Shear bond strength of the tooth/resin bond was influenced by the microwave treatment and different commercial teeth association, and was lower for the Biotone tooth.     

Botanische Notizen aus Griechenland

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Botanisch-pharmacologische Notizen

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Screening and Identification of Marburg Virus Entry Inhibitors Using Approved Drugs

正Dear Editor,Marburg virus(MARV) belongs to the Filoviridae family,along with the related Ebola virus(EBOV). Although MARV is less renowned than EBOV, it causes an equally devastating disease, with clinical symptoms similar to EBOV infection and a remarkably high mortality rate. To